摘要 随着我国交通行业的快速发展和人民出行需求的迅速增长，我国面临的交通问题也不断加剧，主要表现在交通拥挤、交通事故急剧增加以及交通环境污染日益严重，而交通安全问题又是重中之重。尤其是灾害天气下的事故发生较多，并且发生在高速公路上的大量交通事故，会造成高速公路的严重拥挤，同时还有可能造成严重的二次事故。为提高对高速公路在事件前、事件中和事件后的运营安全性，本文对事件触发机制的高速公路网预报预警平台开展了一些研究。 首先本文对国内外相关理论和技术进行了充分调研，在研究借鉴国内外相关系统和平台的基础上，对预报预警平台的特性、用户需求和功能需求进行了分析，并在此基础上确定了预报预警平台的框架设计原则，提出了平台的数据处理层次结构、网络拓扑结构、总体结构框架以及平台的数据存储方案，并根据空间数据库和属性数据库的连接需求，确定了预报预警平台要素的编码方法。通过对平台的功能需求分析，确定了预报预警平台的功能分类和所需的功能模块。 然后根据预报预警平台的框架和功能要求，确定了构建预报预警平台所需的要素，包括应用于预报预警平台的高速公路事件分类方法以及事件的编码方法、预报预警平台信息采集与发布的内容和相关设备、事件下的行车控制标准、运营安全管理对策、预报预警平台所需的软件支撑平台。 接着制定了平台的总体业务流程以及平台的各种事件预报预警和事件下的高速公路运营安全管理的业务流程，并确定了平台的组织体系。以环胶州湾高等级路网运营安全管理系统为例说明了预报预警平台的构建过程，描述了属性数据库的构成以及空间数据库的结构和数据模型。以青岛海湾大桥 US1 路段发生三级雾事件为例说明了决策制定过程中的信息采集、数据处理、数据分析、决策制定和信息发布五个环节。 在以上研究基础上，介绍了青岛海湾大桥交通运营安全风险及其对策研究的工程背景，说明了环胶州湾高等级路网运营安全管理系统的成功开发应用，证明了本文研究成果的正确性。 最后，论文对研究成果进行了总结，并且指出了不足之处，对今后的研究方向进行了展望。 关键词：高速公路网，事件预报预警，事件管理，平台。 ABSTRACT With the rapid development of China's transportation and the rapid growth of people's travel demand, the traffic problems are more and more serious, such as traffic congestion, traffic accidents increasing dramatically as well as increasing serious traffic environmental pollution, and traffic safety is the most important issue. In particular, accidents caused by disaster weather have a high percentage of total accidents. Freeway accidents will cause severe traffic congestion, and may also cause serious secondary accidents. For the reason of improving the safety of freeway before the incident, during the incident period and after the incident, this article illustrates the study of the incident forecast and early-warning management platform of freeway network. First, this study conducts a full investigation on related theory and technology. On the basis of study and learn of the related systems and platforms, characteristics、 user needs and functional requirements of the platform are analyzed. The framework design principles of the platform are determined. Also the data processing hierarchy of the platform, network topology, the overall structure of the framework and platform data storage solutions is put forward. According to the spatial database and attribute database connectivity requirements, the encoding method of elements of the platform is determined. On the basis of the analysis of the platform functional requirements, the function classification and the required function modules of the forecast and early-warning platform are determined. Then according to the framework and functional requirements of the platform, the elements to build the forecast and early-warning platform that required are determind, including the classification method used in forecast and early-warning platform of freeway incident and event encoding method, information collection and release contents and equipment of the forecast and early-warning platform for, traffic control standards in the event, the operational safety management countermeasure, software supporting platform for the forecast and early-warning platform. Afterwards, the overall business processes of the platform and the business process of the forecast and early-warning of a variety of events and events are developed. The organizational system of the platform is determined. As an example of, the Jiaozhou Bay high-grade road network safety management system describes the build process of the platform, the composition of the attribute database, the spatial database structure and the data mode. Then take the example that there is a three class fog event occurred in the US1 sections of Qingdao Bay Bridge to explain the decision-making process of information collection, data processing, data analysis, decision making and information dissemination. On the basis of these studies, the engineering background of Qingdao Bay Bridge traffic operational security risks and countermeasures is introduced. And the successful development and application of the Jiaozhou Bay high-grade road network safety management system proves the correctness of the results of this study Finally, the research results are summarized, and the inadequacies are pointed out, as well as the research directions in the future. Key Words: freeway network, incident forecast and early-warning, incident management, platform. |
硕士论文