摘要 本文针对我国道路安全研究尚处于起步阶段，道路安全评价仍处于空白的，结合国际惯例重点探讨了我国道路安全评价的方法体系。考虑到道路安全研究的系统性，本文首先研究了道路交通事故统计资料的调查和分析方法，在此基础上重点研究了道路交通事故预防的两个主要措施：道路事故多发段点（黑点）的鉴别与道路安全评价。 结合一些国道系统的安全研究项目及交通部公路安全性评价规范制定研究工作，本文主要采用事故统计分析、现场勘察、理论研究的手段取得下列主要成果：（一）探讨了道路交通事故分析的一些理论方法，并结合几条道路的安全研究项目重点分析了交通流和交通组成对道路安全的影响，道路交通事故的时间分布布规律，道路安全的环境影响因素，道路事故主要类型和成因的分析方法。（二）通过对国内外各种道路事故黑点鉴别方法的分析评价，提出了道路事故多发段点优化鉴别方法。并在研究中提出了事故集中度ACD与移动标尺法MSM的概念。结合312国道新疆段的黑点鉴定一条道路对所提出的方法进行了简单的应用分析。（三）探讨了道路安全评价的方法体系，初步提出了我国等级道路设计阶段的具体安全评价清单。 关键词：高速公路；运行车速；运营安全；事故率；安全性评价模型。 |
This paper mainly focuses on Road Safety Audit Procedure in China based on the study and analysis of safety audit practices in other countries. With the consideration the integrity of safety study, the method of survey and analysis of traffic accidents data is first studied, then two principal accident prevention measures are studied in accident black spot identification and road safety audit. Taking advantage of accidents data statistical analysis, black spot site investigation and theory study, this paper has got following results: (1)some theory method on accident data analysis are studied. This paper mainly studied the effect of traffic flow and the traffic constitution accident time distribution regular, road environmental effect on safety, the analysis of accident type and causes. (2)Based on the evaluation of some identification methods of accident black spot , a new identification method, Road Accident Prone Location Modified Identification Method(RAPLMIM), is brought forward. In this research, two new concepts accident concentrated degree(ACD) and moving stuff method (MSM), are put forward for the first time. A simple analysis sample using RAPLMIM is demonstrated as well. (3)Road Safety Audit Procedure in China is studied and the detailed audit check list and principles for design stage are given in this paper. Key Words:road accident black spot, accident prone location road safety audit, accident satistical analysis, accident concentrated degree, moving stuff method equal accident. |
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