嵌挤类材料力学性能与应用研究

Mechanical property and  its application research of unbounded granular material

研究生：李绍辉

指导教师：郭忠印教授

二〇一六年六月

摘要

针对级配碎石弹性变形及塑性变形，讨论级配碎石本构关系模型及塑性变形对级配碎石基层沥青路面影响。

总结级配碎石材料受力变形特性及影响因素，确定其弹性变形影响因素；总结级配碎石本构关系模型，分析其优缺点，确定采用应力依赖本构关系模型(K- 模型及Uzan模型）：推导应力张量更新算法，优选确定结构刚度矩阵求解方法，编写工程计算程序；借助ABAQUS有限元平台，分析ABAQUS主程序与子程序数据交互，为路面结构弹性变形及塑性变形分析创造基础。

通过室内试验获得原材料参数，借助WIN车辆动态称重系统确定试验段交通参数，调研试验段地区气温及降雨资料并进行小波分析，确定理论分析采用水温参数。
     综合分析提出合理的级配碎石基层沥青路面弹性变形分析理论。级配碎石分别采用线弹性本构关系模型、K- 模型及Uzan模型，分析级配碎石基层沥青路面在单后轴、双后轴、三后轴三种车辆轴型载荷作用下，级配碎石采用K- 模型及模型收敛模量场分布特性，分析路面内部应力应变随路面深度变化规律，讨论级配碎石本构关系模型及车辆轴型对沥青路面内部应力应变分布影响，并与试验段现场实测数据对比验证，确定合理的级配碎石基层沥青路面弹性变形分析理论。
     通过理论分析提出级配碎石基层沥青路面永久变形预估模型。明确级配碎石基层沥青路面永久变形分析步骤；分析结构层模量及厚度、交通量、轴重及大气温度对沥青路面永久变形影响，并进行显著性检验；以此为基础，对沥青路面塑性变形设计正交试验，回归模型参数得到沥青路面永久变形预估模型；综合比较级配碎石基层沥青路面抗永久变形能力。

试验段铺筑、仪器埋设及本构关系模型验证。简要介绍试验段传感器埋设过程、埋设方法及现场检测方法，比较实测结果与理论分析结果，验证弹性变形理论分析准确性。

提出级配碎石基层沥青路面设计方法、设计参数及设计流程，综合弹性及塑性理论，做一工程应用实例。

关键词：沥青路面，级配碎石，本构模型，永久变形，现场验证

ABSTRACT

For elastic  and plastic deformation properties of Unbounded Granular Material (UGM) the  Influences of UGM constitutive models and plastic deformation characteristics  were discussed.

The  deformation characteristics and its influencing factors of UGM were summaried  and the elastic deformation influencing factor was determined. The UGM  elastic deformation constitutive models m the history were broadly reviewed and  its pros and cons were deeply analyzed，the stress-dependent constitutive models used in the research were  determined (K- and Uzan model);  stress tensor upgrade algorithm was derivation the stiffness matrix solving  method was compared, the finite element calculation program was prepared and  the data Interaction between ABAQUS main program and UMAT was cleared.
     Pavement material mechanic parameters were obtained by  laboratory tests, the traffic parameters were determined by WIN system  Instrumented m the field the temperature and rainfall data was Investigated  and the wavelet analysis was made.
     The reasonable UGM elastic d e formation analysis theory  was proposed The convergence modulus fie Id of UGM by using K- and Uzan model  was obtainded and the internal strain and stress of pavements with UGM base  were discussed and analyzed With UGM constitutive model of linear elastic  constitutive model, K- stress-dependent  constitutive relation model and Uzan stress dependent constitutive relation  model and With the load condition of single axle, tandem axle and tridem  axle. The Influence of UGM constitutive model and axle type to pavement strain  and stress distribution was greatly discussed. The calculated results were  compared with measurements and verified. At last, a reasonable elastic de  formation theory was determined.

Pavement  permanent deformation prediction models were put forward through theoretical  analysis. The UGM base asphalt pavement permanent deformation analysis steps  were cleared; the influence of modulus and thickness of pavement layer, the  traffic volume the axle load and the atmospheric temperature was stuied and  the significant test was made. Orthogonal tests were designed and the  calculated results were regressed to permanent prediction models. At last,  comprehensive comparison of asphalt pavements was proposed.

Pavement test  section construction, strain/stress Instrumentation and UGM constitutive  model verification. The pavement gauge instrumentation process and its method  were introduced and the measured results were compared with theory analysis  ones to verify the accuracy of elastic deformation theory.

The UGM base  asphalt pavement design method, the design parameters and design process were  proposed. A project application example was put forward by combinng elastic  and plastic theory proposed the research.

Key words：asphalt pavement, unbound  granular material (UGM), constitutive model, permanent deformation, field  verification