摘要 典型路面结构是为了消除当前沥青路面早期损坏严重、后期养护费用高的问题而提出的，所以其经济适用性就成了关键问题。我国的路面设计规范中并没有系统的寿命周期费用预测和评价模块，费用的对比局限在初期建设阶段。用路用性能影响寿命周期费，其预测模型研究成果很多，却并没有融入到费用预测和评价体系中。 本文依托青州．临沭高速公路项目，修建了八种典型结构试验段，从寿命周期费用的预测和评价入手，以预测路用性能和建立性能与费用的联系为主要务，结合室内材料试验结果和现场的施工质量、力学指标检测结果，将影响寿命周期费用的路用性能进行分类研究，完善预测模型并建立与费用的关系。在此基础上对寿命周期费用的预测方法和评价体系进行了深入的研究，确定了预测的模型和流程，对各种结构的经济合理性进行了评价。主要研究成果如下： 1.对寿命周期费用的组成进行了分析，将路用性能划分为两类：一类是结构性能，包括横向开裂和疲劳寿命；一类是使用性能，包括路面平整度、永久变形指标；分析了费用和性能之间的关系。 2．以层间摩阻力、温度场和材料性能变化为主要影响因素，对横向开裂的机理进行描述，确定了开裂温度和开裂间距的计算公式，建立了横向开裂的预测模型；根据预测结果，确定了中修和大修改建时机，计算并评价了典型路面结构的养护费用。 3．以温度场变化、材料性能变化和应力响应变化为主要影响因素，确定了各层位永久变形量的计算公式，在沥青层中考虑了二次压密对变形量的影响，完善了预测模型并加以应用；以横裂数量、纵裂数量、车辙量以及二次压密量均方差为主要影响因素，对平整度的衰变规律进行了研究，完善了IRI预测模型：改进了道路使用者费用的计算模型，根据IRI预测结果，计算并评价了道路使用者费用。 4．在寿命周期费用预测的基础上，增加了工程效率这一相对评价指标，完善了费用评价体系，并就费用发生时机进行了研究。为不同路面结构的经济效益对比提供了科学的模型。 最后，关于进一步工作的方向进行了简要的讨论。 关键词：典型路面结构，性能预测，横向开裂，永久变形，平整度，全寿命周期，费用分析 |
ABSTRACT The traditional asphalt pavement is faced with serious early destruction and high later maintenance cost. To cope with it, typical pavement structure is raised. Therefore, its economic performance becomes the key issue. Domestic pavement design specifications don't involve systemic life cycle cost prediction and evaluation module and only have a limited cost compares on in early construction stage．Life cycle cost prediction is affected by pavement performance. However, although there have been many research results about the prediction model for pavement performance, none get into the cost prediction and evaluation system. Based on eight kinds of typical structure test sections in Qingzhou-Linshu Highway Project, this paper mms at predicting pavement performance and building the relationship between performance and cost. It starts off with life cycle cost prediction and evaluation, analyzes indoor material test results and site construction quality and mechanics index test result, conducts soft research on pavement performance that influence life cycle cost, and completes prediction model and builds the relationship between performance and cost. Finally, it explores prediction method and evaluation system about life cycle cost, determines prediction model and procedure, and evaluates economic rationality of different structures．The content involves the following pans: l. Constitution of life cycle cost was analyzed, pavement performance was divided into two categories：structural performance, including transverse cracking and fatigue life；Service performance, including pavement roughness, tension set. Relationship between cost and performance was analyzed. 2.Taking Interlayer frictional resistance, temperature field and material performance change as main influence factors, mechanism of transverse cracking is illustrated, computing formula of cracking temperature and cracking space is determined, prediction model for transverse cracking is built. Combined with previous research results, time for medium maintenance and heavy maintenance is determined, and maintenance cost is calculated and evaluated. 3.Taking temperature field change, material performance change and stress response change as main influence factors，calculating formula for layer lasting deformation is determined. About asphalt surface coat, predicting model is built and employed considering influence of secondary densification to deformation. Planeness delay law is explored taking traversal crack amount，vertical crack amount and tracking amount into consideration. IRI prediction model available in typical pavement structure is completed. Calculating model for road user cost is improved, road user coast is calculated and evaluated based on IRI model. 4.Based on life cycle cost prediction, a comparative evaluating Indicator, engineering efficiency, is added to complete cost evaluation system, which provides scientific model for economic benefit comparison of different pavement structures ． Finally, a brief discussion was carried out about the further studies ．
Key words: Typical pavement structure, Performance prediction, Transverse cracking, Permanent defonnation, Roughness, Life-cycle cost analysis |
博士论文